The Egyptian Science Magazine is a national peer-reviewed, open-access journal publishing original scientific research and comprehensive, timely reviews in the broad field of various approaches of science. Consideration will be given to original research that addresses mechanistic approaches to physiological, pharmacologic, biochemical, cellular, or molecular understanding of toxicological/pathological lesions and to methods used to describe these responses. Regulatory Safety articles, papers concerned and alternatives to the use of experimental animals, and papers reporting negative results are encouraged. Authors must clearly identify chemically the material tested and briefly explain what novel toxic effect(s) or toxic mechanism(s) of the chemical are being reported and why these are significant.